We tested popular wideband O₂ controllers against lab-grade equipment to see how accurate their lambda readings really are under real engine conditions.

Abstract: In the imaging process of Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor, noise is inevitably introduced at various stages. This effect is particularly serious when detecting ...

Fingertip monitors known as pulse oximeters that can be used at home to detect low blood oxygen levels (hypoxemia) give ...

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is a fundamental parameter for assessing water and wastewater quality. It provides a fast, ...

Abstract: This paper develops a real-time localization framework based on multi-sensor fusion for the autonomous navigation of mobile robots in challenging off-road environments. The proposed ...