Natural selection uses duplicated genes as raw material for functional innovation, co-opting their existing features to new functions. Understanding genetic innovation requires two questions to be ...

The essence of structural genomics is to start from the gene sequence, produce the protein and determine its three-dimensional structure. The challenge, once the structure is determined, is to extract ...

Enzymes help with specific functions that are vital to the operation and overall health of the human body. They help speed up chemical reactions and are essential for respiration, digestion, muscle ...

Some forgetfulness can be a typical part of ageing, but neuroplasticity means your brain can still adapt, learn, and strengthen memory with practice. Improve recall by challenging your brain and using ...