At the heart of a clocking device is the phased-locked loop (PLL). A key part of the PLL is the loop filter, which converts correction currents from the PLL charge pump into a control voltage for the ...

This application note discusses phase frequency detector characteristics that affect phase-locked loop (PLL) dead band and jitter performance. In PLLs that employ charge pump loop filter designs the ...

An important task for a digital communications receiver is to remove any frequency/phase offsets that might exist between the transmitter and receiver oscillators. Designers typically implement a ...

The performance of analogue phase-locked loops (PLLs) has steadily improved with operating frequencies extending to 8GHz and beyond. Recently, digital PLLs based on direct digital synthesis (DDS) have ...

One of the most challenging tasks in analog circuit design is to adapt a functional block to ever new CMOS process technology. For digital circuits the number of gates per square mm approx. doubles ...

This is Part 2 of a three-part series. As discussed in Part 1 and recapped here, modern wireless communications systems (mainly superheterodyne radio transceivers) are now required to deliver higher ...